A complete Celsius to Fahrenheit conversion chart, plus the formula, the most common cooking temperatures, and a free converter that works offline. Everything you need to move between the two temperature scales at a glance.
To convert from Celsius to Fahrenheit, multiply by 1.8 (which is 9/5) and add 32:
To go the other direction, subtract 32 first, then divide by 1.8:
A useful mnemonic: double it and add 30. Doubling Celsius and adding 30 gives you a rough Fahrenheit estimate that's within a few degrees for most everyday temperatures. It's not exact, but it's close enough for weather and cooking.
Below are the most useful conversions — temperatures you're likely to encounter in daily life, weather, cooking, and science. The chart is split into two columns to save space on wide screens, and stacks on mobile.
| °C | °F | What it is |
|---|---|---|
| -40 | -40 | Scales meet |
| -20 | -4 | Very cold |
| -10 | 14 | Freezing cold |
| 0 | 32 | Water freezes |
| 5 | 41 | Cold day |
| 10 | 50 | Cool day |
| 15 | 59 | Mild |
| 20 | 68 | Room temp / pleasant |
| 25 | 77 | Warm |
| 30 | 86 | Hot day |
| 35 | 95 | Very hot |
| 37 | 98.6 | Body temperature |
| °C | °F | What it is |
|---|---|---|
| 40 | 104 | Dangerous heat |
| 50 | 122 | Extreme heat |
| 60 | 140 | Hot water |
| 75 | 167 | Simmer |
| 100 | 212 | Water boils |
| 150 | 302 | Low oven |
| 180 | 356 | Baking temp |
| 200 | 392 | Hot oven |
| 220 | 428 | Very hot oven |
| 250 | 482 | Extreme oven |
| 300 | 572 | Beyond cooking |
| 500 | 932 | Furnace heat |
The most common reason to look up a Celsius-to-Fahrenheit conversion is a recipe. British, European, and Australian recipes are written in Celsius; American ones are in Fahrenheit. Here's a quick mapping of the standard oven settings:
| Celsius | Fahrenheit | Gas mark (UK) | Common use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 150°C | 300°F | 2 | Slow cooking, meringues |
| 160°C | 320°F | 3 | Slow roasting |
| 170°C | 340°F | 3–4 | Fruit cakes, custards |
| 180°C | 355°F | 4 | Standard baking |
| 190°C | 375°F | 5 | Cakes, cookies |
| 200°C | 390°F | 6 | Quick breads, muffins |
| 220°C | 425°F | 7 | Roasted vegetables, pizza |
| 240°C | 465°F | 8 | Bread, high-heat roasting |
| 260°C | 500°F | 9 | Pizza, broiler |
Note that home ovens are often off by 10–20°F from what the dial says. If a recipe is finicky (pastry, custards, soufflés), an oven thermometer is worth the small investment.
A few anchors worth memorizing, because they make mental conversion easier:
With those seven reference points, you can estimate most other temperatures within a few degrees without doing any math.
The Celsius scale was proposed in 1742 by Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius. He originally defined 0 as the boiling point of water and 100 as the freezing point — the reverse of today's version. Another scientist flipped the scale shortly after his death, and it stuck.
The Fahrenheit scale was proposed in 1724 by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, a German-Dutch physicist. He calibrated his scale around three reference points: the freezing point of a brine solution, the freezing point of water (32°F), and human body temperature (roughly 96°F, later revised to 98.6°F).
Today, Celsius is used almost everywhere in the world — in science, in weather forecasts, in cooking, in industry. Fahrenheit is still used in the United States for everyday temperatures, and in a few other countries for specific purposes. The UK uses a mix: Celsius for weather, Fahrenheit sometimes for oven temperatures in older cookbooks.
If you're working with scientific data, you may also need to convert to Kelvin — the SI unit for temperature. The Kelvin scale starts at absolute zero, the point where all thermal motion stops.
So 0°C (freezing) is 273.15 K, and 100°C (boiling) is 373.15 K. Kelvin is used almost exclusively in physics and chemistry, since it has no negative values.
F = (C × 1.8) + 32. For example, 20°C
becomes (20 × 1.8) + 32 = 68°F.
C = (F − 32) ÷ 1.8. In this case,
(100 − 32) ÷ 1.8 = 37.78°C. That's close to human body temperature
(37°C / 98.6°F).